Situational Factors
Legitimate Authority: If someone is considered to be in a real position of power or at the top of a social hierarchy people are more likely to obey them. They may be trusted or may just have the power to punish.
e.g. • Milgram - Obedience high at Yale University as opposed to run down office.
• Hofling - Degree of power and trust invested in doctors.
• Bickman - 92% obedience rate in uniform.
Authority figure takes responsibility: For the authority figure to be obeyed they need to take the responsibility for the subordinates actions. e.g. Milgram - experimenter says they're responsible.
Agency Theory: The person sees themselves as the agent of others and don't feel personally responsible for their actions. e.g. Hofling.
Graduated Commitment: Being locked into obedience in small stages. e.g. Milgram.
Buffer: When the participant doesn't see the result of their actions. e.g. Milgram; Hiroshima.
Personality Factors
Authoritarian Personality: People who have a tendency to obey and had a restrictive childhood that makes them hostile towards minority groups in the future.
External Locus of Control: People who believe that their behaviour is due to external factors like luck and fate, making them more likely to obey.
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